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Developers - Overview

This page serves as the landing destination for builders seeking to construct on the Multiversx platform.

If anything is missing, or you want to get more support, please refer to Discord or Telegram developers chats:

Developer documentation

Get started with MultiversX by learning to write your first Smart Contract, build your first dApp or learn how to use our API.

important

For interacting with MultiversX Blockchain via SDKs or Rest API, please refer to SDKs & Tools.

Table of contents

A list with everything that you can explore as a developer on MultiversX.

Tutorials

Below is a list of tutorials for building on MultiversX:

NameDescription
Build your first dApp in 15 minutesVideo + written tutorial on how to create your first dApp.
Cryptozombies TutorialsInteractive way of learning how to write MultiversX Smart Contracts.
Build a microservice for your dAppVideo + written tutorial on how to create your microservice.
Crowdfunding Smart ContractCrowdfunding tutorial (Part 1).
Crowdfunding Smart ContractCrowdfunding tutorial (Part 2).
Staking contract TutorialStep by step tutorial on how to create a Staking Smart Contract.
Energy DAO TutorialIn depth analysis of the Energy DAO SC template.
DEX WalkthroughIn depth walkthrough of all the main DEX contracts.
WalletConnect 2.0 MigrationWalletConnect 2.0 Migration Guide
Ethereum to MultiversX migration guideGuide for Ethereum developers to start building on MultiversX.
Chain Simulator in Adder - SpaceCraft interactorsGuide on how to interact with Chain Simulator in one of the simplest SCs.

SDKs and Tools

One can (programmatically) interact with the MultiversX Network by leveraging a set of SDKs (TypeScript, Go, Python, C++ etc.), tools and APIs. For more details, please follow:

NameDescription
SDKs and Tools - OverviewThe complete list of SDKs, tools and APIs.

Signing transactions

The following content explains the structure of a transaction, how to sign or send them:

NameDescription
Signing transactionsHow to serialize and sign transactions.
Tools for signingWhat to use in order to generate and sign transactions.
Signing programmaticallyHow to sign transactions by using one of our SDKs.

Gas and fees

Learn about transaction's gas and how a fee is calculated:

NameDescription
OverviewGeneral concepts and overview about gas cost, limit, price and fee.
For move-balance transfersHow fees are computed for move-balance transfers (EGLD transfers).
For System Smart ContractsHow fees are computed when interacting with system smart contracts.
For User defined Smart ContractsHow fees are computed when interacting with user defined smart contracts.

Smart Contract Developer reference

NameDescription
How to format the data field for Smart Contract callsLearn how a Smart Contract call looks like and how arguments should be encoded.
MultiversX serialization formatHow MultiversX smart contracts serialize arguments, results, and storage.
MultiversX SC annotationsHow to use annotations in your contracts to make use of many built-in features from the framework.
MultiversX SC modulesLearn how to divide a Smart Contract into multiples smaller components by using modules.
MultiversX SC contract callsLearn how to call a Smart Contract from another Smart Contract.
Code metadataChoose the properties / eligible actions of your Smart Contract.
Upgrading smart contractsThe implications of upgrading a Smart Contract.
MultiversX SC api functionsMake use of the MultiversX VM API functions to query relevant data from the blockchain.
Storage mappersDecide from multiple ways of storing data in your SC, by considering performance.
Rust smart contract build referenceHow to build and organize your Smart Contract.
Random numbers in smart contractsHow to generate random number in Smart Contracts.

Smart Contract Developers Best Practices

NameDescription
Best practices basicsHow to better structure your Smart Contract code.
Biguint operationsHandle Biguint operations in a more efficient way.
The dynamic allocation problemDescription of the dynamic allocation problem.
Multi valuesTake advantage of the variadic input and output.

Smart Contract Testing

NameDescription
OverviewIntroduction to all the testing methods available in Rust
Blackbox testsThe best way to write integration tests, by simulating transactions
Whitebox frameworkOlder testing framework, but still in use in some projects.
Whitebox framework functions referenceA list of available functions to be used when using the whitebox framework.
DebuggingHow to debug your smart contract tests.

Scenarios Reference

NameDescription
Scenario OverviewTest your Smart Contracts by using Scenario JSON tests.
Scenario StructureHow to structure a scenario.
Scenario Simple ValuesHandle simple values in scenario tests.
Scenario Complex ValuesHandle complex values in scenario tests.
Embedding Scenario code in GOHow to embed scenario code in Go.

Event logs

Event logs are special events generated by smart contracts, built-in functions, or ESDT operations. They provide a way to record important information about the execution of smart contract, information about ESDT transfers or built-in function calls.

Event structure

FieldTypeDescription
identifierstringThe identifier for the event.
addressstringThe associated address.
topics[]stringAn array containing information about the event.
datastringAdditional data related to the event.

Event logs can be categorized into the following types:

NameDescription
ESDT Operations EventsESDT operations, which encompass token creation, transfers, and other critical actions, generate log events. These events record sender and receiver addresses, token amounts, and operation types.
Execution EventsExecution events are dedicated to recording the status of transaction execution. They indicate whether a transaction was successfully executed or encountered an error.
Smart Contract Call EventsSmart contract calls often emit log events to report their execution status and results. These events typically include information such as the caller's address, the called function, and any other relevant data.
Smart Contract Deploy EventsSmart contract deployment and upgrade events are used to record when a smart contract is initially deployed or when it undergoes an upgrade.
System Delegation EventsSystem delegation events are generated in response to interactions with the system delegation contract.

Others

NameDescription
ConstantsA list of useful constants that governs the MultiversX Mainnet.
Built in functionsBuilt-in functions - protocol-side functions.
Account storageHow the data is stored under an account + how to query and change it.
Relayed/meta transactionsHow to prepare transactions whose fee is not paid by the user, but by a relayer.
Setup local testnetHow to set up a localnet (local testnet) - basic solution
Setup local testnet advancedHow to set up a localnet (local testnet) - advanced solution
Creating walletsExamples on creating wallets.
Reproducible buildsHow to perform reproducible contract builds.
Contract API limitsLimits that a smart contract must abide when calling external (node-related) functions