Cookbook

This page will guide you through the process of handling common tasks using sdk-js.

info

This cookbook makes use of sdk-js 12. In order to migrate from sdk-js 11.x to sdk-js 12, please follow the migration guide.

Creating network providers

Creating an API provider:

import { ApiNetworkProvider } from "@multiversx/sdk-network-providers";

const apiNetworkProvider = new ApiNetworkProvider("https://devnet-api.multiversx.com");

Creating a Proxy provider:

import { ProxyNetworkProvider } from "@multiversx/sdk-network-providers";

const proxyNetworkProvider = new ProxyNetworkProvider("https://devnet-gateway.multiversx.com");

Use the classes from @multiversx/sdk-network-providers only as a starting point. As your dApp matures, make sure you switch to using your own network provider, tailored to your requirements (whether deriving from the default ones or writing a new one, from scratch) that directly interacts with the MultiversX API (or Gateway).

On this topic, please see extending sdk-js.

Fetching network parameters

const networkConfig = await apiNetworkProvider.getNetworkConfig();
console.log(networkConfig.MinGasPrice);
console.log(networkConfig.ChainID);

Working with accounts

Synchronizing an account object

The following snippet fetches (from the Network) the nonce and the balance of an account, and updates the local representation of the account.

import { Account } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

const alice = new Account(addressOfAlice);
const aliceOnNetwork = await apiNetworkProvider.getAccount(addressOfAlice);
alice.update(aliceOnNetwork);

console.log("Nonce:", alice.nonce);
console.log("Balance:", alice.balance.toString());

Managing the sender nonce locally

When sending a bunch of transactions, you usually have to first fetch the account nonce from the network (see above), then manage it locally (e.g. increment upon signing & broadcasting a transaction):

alice.incrementNonce();
console.log("Nonce:", alice.nonce);

Alternatively, you can also use setNonce on a Transaction object:

notYetSignedTx.setNonce(alice.getNonceThenIncrement());

For further reference, please see nonce management.

Preparing TokenTransfer objects

A TokenTransfer object for EGLD transfers (value movements):

import { TokenTransfer } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

let firstTransfer = TokenTransfer.egldFromAmount("1.5");
let secondTransfer = TokenTransfer.egldFromBigInteger("1500000000000000000");

console.log(firstTransfer.valueOf(), secondTransfer.valueOf());
console.log(firstTransfer.toPrettyString(), secondTransfer.toPrettyString());

A TokenTransfer object for transferring fungible tokens:

const identifier = "FOO-123456";
const numDecimals = 2;
firstTransfer = TokenTransfer.fungibleFromAmount(identifier, "1.5", numDecimals);
secondTransfer = TokenTransfer.fungibleFromBigInteger(identifier, "4000", numDecimals);

console.log(firstTransfer.toString()); // Will output: 150.
console.log(firstTransfer.toPrettyString()); // Will output: 1.50 FOO-123456.
console.log(secondTransfer.toString()); // Will output: 4000.
console.log(secondTransfer.toPrettyString()); // Will output: 40.00 FOO-123456.

A TokenTransfer object for transferring semi-fungible tokens:

let nonce = 3;
let quantity = 50;
let transfer = TokenTransfer.semiFungible(identifier, nonce, quantity);

A TokenTransfer object for transferring non-fungible tokens (the quantity doesn't need to be specified for NFTs, as the token is only one of its kind):

nonce = 7;
transfer = TokenTransfer.nonFungible(identifier, nonce);

A TokenTransfer object for transferring meta-esdt tokens:

transfer = TokenTransfer.metaEsdtFromAmount(identifier, nonce, "0.1", numDecimals);

Broadcasting transactions

Preparing a simple transaction

import { Transaction, TransactionPayload } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

const tx = new Transaction({
    data: new TransactionPayload("helloWorld"),
    gasLimit: 70000,
    sender: addressOfAlice,
    receiver: addressOfBob,
    value: TokenTransfer.egldFromAmount(1),
    chainID: "D"
});

tx.setNonce(alice.getNonceThenIncrement());

Broadcast using a network provider

let txHash = await proxyNetworkProvider.sendTransaction(tx); 
console.log("Hash:", txHash); 

Note that the transaction must be signed before being broadcasted. Signing can be achieved using a signing provider.

info

Note that, for all purposes, we recommend using sdk-dapp instead of integrating the signing providers on your own.

Broadcast using axios

import axios from "axios";

const data = readyToBroadcastTx.toSendable();
const url = "https://devnet-api.multiversx.com/transactions";
const response = await axios.post(url, data, {
    headers: {
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
    },
});
let txHash = response.data.txHash;

Wait for transaction completion

import { TransactionWatcher } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

const watcher = new TransactionWatcher(apiNetworkProvider);
const transactionOnNetwork = await watcher.awaitCompleted(tx);

If only the txHash is available, then:

const transactionOnNetwork = await watcher.awaitCompleted({ getHash: () => txHash });
console.log(transactionOnNetwork);

In order to wait for multiple transactions:

await Promise.all([watcher.awaitCompleted(tx1), watcher.awaitCompleted(tx2), watcher.awaitCompleted(tx3)]);

For a different awaiting strategy, also see extending sdk-js.

Token transfers

First, let's create a TransferTransactionsFactory.

import { GasEstimator, TransferTransactionsFactory } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

const factory = new TransferTransactionsFactory(new GasEstimator());

Single ESDT transfer

import { TokenTransfer } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

const transfer1 = TokenTransfer.fungibleFromAmount("TEST-8b028f", "100.00", 2);

const tx1 = factory.createESDTTransfer({
    tokenTransfer: transfer1,
    nonce: 7,
    sender: addressOfAlice,
    receiver: addressOfBob,
    chainID: "D"
});

Single NFT transfer

const transfer2 = TokenTransfer.nonFungible("TEST-38f249", 1);

const tx2 = factory.createESDTNFTTransfer({
    tokenTransfer: transfer2,
    nonce: 8,
    sender: addressOfAlice,
    destination: addressOfBob,
    chainID: "D"
});

Single SFT transfer

const transfer3 = TokenTransfer.semiFungible("SEMI-9efd0f", 1, 5);

const tx3 = factory.createESDTNFTTransfer({
    tokenTransfer: transfer3,
    nonce: 9,
    sender: addressOfAlice,
    destination: addressOfBob,
    chainID: "D"
});

Multi ESDT / NFT transfer

const transfers = [transfer1, transfer2, transfer3];

const tx4 = factory.createMultiESDTNFTTransfer({
    tokenTransfers: transfers,
    nonce: 10,
    sender: addressOfAlice,
    destination: addressOfBob,
    chainID: "D"
});

Contract deployments

Load the bytecode from a file

import { Code } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";
import { promises } from "fs";

let buffer = await promises.readFile("../contracts/counter.wasm");
let code = Code.fromBuffer(buffer);

Load the bytecode from an URL

import axios from "axios";

let response = await axios.get("https://github.com/multiversx/mx-sdk-js-core/raw/main/src/testdata/counter.wasm", {
    responseType: "arraybuffer",
    transformResponse: [],
    headers: {
        "Accept": "application/wasm"
    }
});

buffer = Buffer.from(response.data);
code = Code.fromBuffer(buffer);

Perform a contract deployment

Create a SmartContract object:

import { SmartContract } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

let contract = new SmartContract();

Prepare the deploy transaction:

import { CodeMetadata } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

const deployerAddress = addressOfAlice;

const deployTransaction = contract.deploy({
    deployer: deployerAddress,
    code: code,
    codeMetadata: new CodeMetadata(/* set the parameters accordingly */),
    initArguments: [/* set the initial arguments, if any */],
    gasLimit: 20000000,
    chainID: "D"
});

Then, set the transaction nonce.

Note that the account nonce must be synchronized beforehand. Also, locally increment the nonce of the deployer (optional).

import { Account } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

const deployer = new Account(deployerAddress);
const deployerOnNetwork = await networkProvider.getAccount(deployerAddress);
deployer.update(deployerOnNetwork);

deployTransaction.setNonce(deployer.getNonceThenIncrement());

Then sign the transaction using a wallet / signing provider of your choice (not shown here).

Upon signing, you would usually compute the contract address (deterministically computable), as follows:

let contractAddress = SmartContract.computeAddress(deployTransaction.getSender(), deployTransaction.getNonce());
console.log("Contract address:", contractAddress.bech32());

In order to broadcast the transaction and await its completion, use a network provider and a transaction watcher:

import { TransactionWatcher } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

await networkProvider.sendTransaction(deployTransaction);
let transactionOnNetwork = await new TransactionWatcher(networkProvider).awaitCompleted(deployTransaction);

In the end, parse the results:

import { ResultsParser } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

let { returnCode } = new ResultsParser().parseUntypedOutcome(transactionOnNetwork);
console.log("Return code:", returnCode);

ABI

Load the ABI from a file

import { AbiRegistry, Address, SmartContract } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";
import { promises } from "fs";

let abiJson = await promises.readFile("../contracts/counter.abi.json", { encoding: "utf8" });
let abiObj = JSON.parse(abiJson);
let abiRegistry = AbiRegistry.create(abiObj);
let existingContractAddress = Address.fromBech32("erd1qqqqqqqqqqqqqpgq5sup58y38q3pwyqklagxmuraetshrqwpd8ssh0ssph");
let existingContract = new SmartContract({ address: existingContractAddress, abi: abiRegistry });

Load the ABI from an URL

import axios from "axios";

const response = await axios.get("https://github.com/multiversx/mx-sdk-js-core/raw/main/src/testdata/counter.abi.json");
abiRegistry = AbiRegistry.create(response.data);
existingContract = new SmartContract({ address: existingContractAddress, abi: abiRegistry });

Contract queries

When the ABI is not available

import { AddressValue, BigUIntType, BinaryCodec, ResultsParser, SmartContract } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

let legacyDelegationContract = new SmartContract({
    address: legacyDelegationContractAddress
});

let query = legacyDelegationContract.createQuery({
    func: "getClaimableRewards",
    args: [new AddressValue(addressOfFirstDevnetDelegator)]
});

let queryResponse = await networkProvider.queryContract(query);
let bundle = new ResultsParser().parseUntypedQueryResponse(queryResponse);
let firstValue = bundle.values[0];
let decodedValue = new BinaryCodec().decodeTopLevel(firstValue, new BigUIntType());

console.log(bundle.returnCode);
console.log(bundle.returnMessage);
console.log(bundle.values);
console.log(decodedValue.valueOf().toFixed(0));

Using Interaction, when the ABI is not available

import { Interaction } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

let args = [new AddressValue(addressOfFirstDevnetDelegator)];
query = new Interaction(legacyDelegationContract, "getClaimableRewards", args)
    .buildQuery();

let queryResponseFromInteraction = await networkProvider.queryContract(query);

console.assert(JSON.stringify(queryResponseFromInteraction) === JSON.stringify(queryResponse));

Then, parse the response as above.

When the ABI is available

import { AbiRegistry } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

const legacyDelegationAbi = AbiRegistry.create({
    "endpoints": [
        {
            "name": "getClaimableRewards",
            "inputs": [{
                "type": "Address"
            }],
            "outputs": [{
                "type": "BigUint"
            }]
        }
    ]
});

const getClaimableRewardsEndpoint = legacyDelegationAbi.getEndpoint("getClaimableRewards");

query = legacyDelegationContract.createQuery({
    func: "getClaimableRewards",
    args: [new AddressValue(addressOfFirstDevnetDelegator)]
});

queryResponse = await networkProvider.queryContract(query);
let { values } = new ResultsParser().parseQueryResponse(queryResponse, getClaimableRewardsEndpoint);
console.log(values[0].valueOf().toFixed(0));

Using Interaction, when the ABI is available

Prepare the interaction, check it, then build the query:

legacyDelegationContract = new SmartContract({
    address: legacyDelegationContractAddress,
    abi: legacyDelegationAbi
});

let interaction = legacyDelegationContract.methods.getClaimableRewards([addressOfFirstDevnetDelegator]);
query = interaction.check().buildQuery();

Then, run the query and parse the results:

queryResponse = await networkProvider.queryContract(query);
let typedBundle = new ResultsParser().parseQueryResponse(queryResponse, interaction.getEndpoint());
console.log(typedBundle.values[0].valueOf().toFixed(0));

Depending on the context, reinterpret (cast) the results:

let firstValueAsStruct = <Struct>firstValue;

Contract interactions

When the ABI is not available

import { Address, AddressValue, SmartContract, U64Value } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

let contractAddress = new Address("erd1qqqqqqqqqqqqqpgq5sup58y38q3pwyqklagxmuraetshrqwpd8ssh0ssph");
let contract = new SmartContract({ address: contractAddress });

let tx1 = contract.call({
    caller: addressOfAlice,
    func: "doSomething",
    gasLimit: 5000000,
    args: [new AddressValue(addressOfCarol), new U64Value(1000)],
    chainID: "D"
});

tx1.setNonce(42);

Then, sign, broadcast tx and wait for its completion.

Using Interaction, when the ABI is not available

import { Interaction, TokenTransfer, U32Value } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

let args = [new U32Value(1), new U32Value(2), new U32Value(3)];
let interaction = new Interaction(contract, "doSomethingWithValue", args);

let tx2 = interaction
    .withSender(addressOfAlice)
    .withNonce(43)
    .withValue(TokenTransfer.egldFromAmount(1))
    .withGasLimit(20000000)
    .withChainID("D")
    .buildTransaction();

Then, sign, broadcast tx and wait for its completion.

Using Interaction, when the ABI is available

import { AbiRegistry } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

const abiRegistry = AbiRegistry.create({
    "endpoints": [
        {
            "name": "foobar",
            "inputs": [],
            "outputs": []
        },
        {
            "name": "doSomethingWithValue",
            "inputs": [{
                "type": "u32"
            },
            {
                "type": "u32"
            },
            {
                "type": "u32"
            }],
            "outputs": []
        }
    ]
});

contract = new SmartContract({ address: contractAddress, abi: abiRegistry });

let tx3 = contract.methods.doSomethingWithValue([1, 2, 3])
    .withSender(addressOfAlice)
    .withNonce(44)
    .withValue(TokenTransfer.egldFromAmount(1))
    .withGasLimit(20000000)
    .withChainID("D")
    .buildTransaction();

Transfer & execute

Given an interaction:

interaction = contract.methods.foobar([]);

One can apply token transfers to the smart contract call, as well.

For single payments, do as follows:

// Fungible token 
interaction.withSingleESDTTransfer(TokenTransfer.fungibleFromAmount("FOO-6ce17b", "1.5", 18));

// Non-fungible token 
interaction.withSingleESDTNFTTransfer(TokenTransfer.nonFungible("SDKJS-38f249", 1));

For multiple payments:

interaction.withMultiESDTNFTTransfer([
    TokenTransfer.fungibleFromAmount("FOO-6ce17b", "1.5", 18),
    TokenTransfer.nonFungible("SDKJS-38f249", 1)
]);

Parsing contract results

info

When the default ResultsParser misbehaves, please open an issue on GitHub, and also provide as many details as possible about the unparsable results (e.g. provide a dump of the transaction object if possible - make sure to remove any sensitive information).

When the ABI is not available

import { ResultsParser } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

let resultsParser = new ResultsParser();
let txHash = "d415901a9c88e564adf25b71b724b936b1274a2ad03e30752fdc79235af8ea3e";
let transactionOnNetwork = await networkProvider.getTransaction(txHash);
let untypedBundle = resultsParser.parseUntypedOutcome(transactionOnNetwork);

console.log(untypedBundle.returnCode, untypedBundle.values.length);

When the ABI is available

let endpointDefinition = AbiRegistry.create({
    "name": "counter",
    "endpoints": [{
        "name": "increment",
        "inputs": [],
        "outputs": [{ "type": "i64" }]
    }]
}).getEndpoint("increment");

transactionOnNetwork = await networkProvider.getTransaction(txHash);
let typedBundle = resultsParser.parseOutcome(transactionOnNetwork, endpointDefinition);

console.log(typedBundle.returnCode, typedBundle.values.length);

Above, endpointDefinition is manually constructed. However, in practice, it can be obtained from the Interaction object, if available in the context:

endpointDefinition = interaction.getEndpoint();

Alternatively, the endpointDefinition can also be obtained from the SmartContract object:

let endpointDefinition = smartContract.getEndpoint("myFunction");

For customizing the default parser, also see extending sdk-js.

Signing objects

note

For dApps, use the available signing providers instead.

Creating a UserSigner from a JSON wallet:

import { UserSigner } from "@multiversx/sdk-wallet";
import { promises } from "fs";

const fileContent = await promises.readFile("../testwallets/alice.json", { encoding: "utf8" });
const walletObject = JSON.parse(fileContent);
let signer = UserSigner.fromWallet(walletObject, "password");

Creating a UserSigner from a PEM file:

const pemText = await promises.readFile("../testwallets/alice.pem", { encoding: "utf8" });
signer = UserSigner.fromPem(pemText);

Signing a transaction:

import { Transaction } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

const transaction = new Transaction({
    gasLimit: 50000,
    gasPrice: 1000000000,
    sender: addressOfAlice,
    receiver: addressOfBob,
    chainID: "D",
    version: 1
});

const serializedTransaction = transaction.serializeForSigning();
const transactionSignature = await signer.sign(serializedTransaction);
transaction.applySignature(transactionSignature);

console.log("Transaction signature", transaction.getSignature().toString("hex"));
console.log("Transaction hash", transaction.getHash().toString());

Signing an arbitrary message:

import { SignableMessage } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";

let message = new SignableMessage({
    message: Buffer.from("hello")
});

let serializedMessage = message.serializeForSigning();
let messageSignature = await signer.sign(serializedMessage);
message.applySignature(messageSignature);

console.log("Message signature", message.getSignature().toString("hex"));

Verifying signatures

Creating a UserVerifier:

import { UserVerifier } from "@multiversx/sdk-wallet";

const aliceVerifier = UserVerifier.fromAddress(addressOfAlice);
const bobVerifier = UserVerifier.fromAddress(addressOfBob);

Suppose we have the following transaction:

const tx = Transaction.fromPlainObject({
    nonce: 42,
    value: "12345",
    sender: addressOfAlice.bech32(),
    receiver: addressOfBob.bech32(),
    gasPrice: 1000000000,
    gasLimit: 50000,
    chainID: "D",
    version: 1,
    signature: "3c5eb2d1c9b3ab2f578541e62dcfa5008976d11f85644a48884a8a6c4d2980fa14954ab2924d6e67c051562488096d2e79cd3c0378edf234a52e648e672d1b0a"
});

const serializedTx = tx.serializeForSigning();
const txSignature = tx.getSignature();

And / or the following message and signature:

message = new SignableMessage({ message: Buffer.from("hello") });
serializedMessage = message.serializeForSigning();
messageSignature = Buffer.from("561bc58f1dc6b10de208b2d2c22c9a474ea5e8cabb59c3d3ce06bbda21cc46454aa71a85d5a60442bd7784effa2e062fcb8fb421c521f898abf7f5ec165e5d0f", "hex");

We can verify their signatures as follows:

console.log("Is signature of Alice?", aliceVerifier.verify(serializedTx, txSignature));
console.log("Is signature of Alice?", aliceVerifier.verify(serializedMessage, messageSignature));
console.log("Is signature of Bob?", bobVerifier.verify(serializedTx, txSignature));
console.log("Is signature of Bob?", bobVerifier.verify(serializedMessage, messageSignature));

Decoding transaction metadata

Using the transaction-decoder

In order to decode the metadata (function, arguments, transfers) from a transaction payload, do as follows:

import { TransactionDecoder, TransactionMetadata } from "@multiversx/sdk-transaction-decoder";

let transactionOnNetwork = await networkProvider.getTransaction(txHash);

let metadata = new TransactionDecoder().getTransactionMetadata({
    sender: transactionOnNetwork.sender.bech32(),
    receiver: transactionOnNetwork.receiver.bech32(),
    data: transactionOnNetwork.data.toString("base64"),
    value: transactionOnNetwork.value.toString(),
    type: transactionOnNetwork.type
});

Using the esdtHelpers and scArgumentsParser of sdk-js 9x

The classes esdtHelpers and scArgumentsParser have been removed in sdk-js 10, in favor of the @multiversx/sdk-transaction-decoder (see above).

However, you can still find the previous implementations at the following location:

• esdtHelpers
• esdtHelpers examples
• scArgumentsParser
• scArgumentsParser examples